How The Neighborhoods
🗽 of Manhattan 🗽
Got Their Names
For an island of only 24 square miles, Manhattan sure has a lot of
neighborhoods. Many have distinct monikers that might not seem intuitive
to the lay-tourist, or even to a lifelong New Yorker. Here's where the
names of New York's most famous 'hoods came from.
Hell’s Kitchen vs. Clinton
In recent decades, businesses and real estate agents have tried in
vain to clean up the lively reputation of this west side neighborhood by
renaming it “Clinton.” Gentrification and expansion from the
neighboring theater district have certainly helped the beautification
cause. Nonetheless, the area spanning 34th Street to 59th Street and 8th
Avenue (or 9th, depending on who you ask) to the Hudson River just
can’t shake the nickname “Hell’s Kitchen.”
At one time not so long ago, Hell’s Kitchen lived up to the
nightmarish implications of its name - and then some - but the actual
origins of the name have become something of folklore. One legend
involves a seasoned cop and a green cop watching a riot take place in
the heart of the neighborhood. The story goes that the young cop
remarked, “This place is hell itself!” to which the older cop responded
“Hell is a mild climate. This is hell’s kitchen.”
The second widely accepted origin comes from the name of a local
gang, aptly called “The Hell’s Kitchen Gang.” It was the transgressions
of this rough group upon which Herbert Asbury based his 1927 book Gangs of New York,
which Martin Scorsese would later adapt into a film by the same name.
Hell’s Kitchen was first mentioned in the New York Times on September
22, 1881; the paper used the term to refer to a tenement house on 39th between 9th and 10th.
The days of ethnic strife and poverty that once defined Hell’s
Kitchen are long gone, but the name has stuck. Government and business
officials drew the alternative name from DeWitt Clinton Park located on
the outskirts of the neighborhood. Named for the 19th century New York
governor, officials thought the local park and the name Clinton would
evoke a sense of New York pride. But for now, residents and other New
Yorkers alike proudly call this area Hell’s Kitchen.
Harlem
For a neighborhood with such a rich artistic and cultural history,
the origins of its name are rather muted. Harlem is a modification of
the name Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands after which this former
Dutch village was named. The neighborhood is huge, beginning at 110th
Street between 5th and 8th Avenues, and from 125th Street up to 155th
Street from 5th Avenue to the water, and eventually from the East River
to the Hudson River.
Greenwich Village
The heart of bohemia in 1960s New York, this lower Manhattan
neighborhood has the Dutch and the British to thank for its name.
Greenwich comes for the Dutch word “Greenwijck” which means “Pine
District.” When the Dutch ran New York (or New Amsterdam, as they called
it), a Dutch man named Yellis Mandeville purchased property in the
Village. He allegedly renamed the area after another village on Long
Island by the same name. The first recorded appearance of this name
change appeared in Yellis’ will at the turn of the 1700s; the name has
since been Anglicized to Greenwich. "The Village," as it's often now
called, extends from 14th Street to Houston Street and from Broadway
west to the Hudson River.
Chelsea
A quarter century before the American Revolution, retired British
Major Thomas Clarke bought 94 acres of land located between what is now
21st and 24th Streets, and from 8th Avenue to the water. He built a home
on the property and named it “Chelsea,” after a veterans’ hospital and
retirement home for elderly soldiers located in Britain. Chelsea Estate
would pass through many more hands over the years, but the name Chelsea
hung around long enough to become the official name of the neighborhood,
which currently extends from 14th Street up to 30th Street, and from
6th Avenue to the water.
The Districts
Many districts make up the island of Manhattan, but the names of a
few in particular have become part of the geographic vernacular.
The Flatiron District
A rather recent addition to the Manhattan neighborhood family, the
Flatiron District has the triangular shaped Flatiron Building on 23rd
Street to thank for its eponym. The structure, built in 1902, was one of
the tallest at the time of its construction and its shape resembles a
hot clothing iron. Though initially designated the Fuller Building,
people kept referring to it as the Flatiron until eventually that just
became the accepted name. The Flatiron District became a “named
district” in the mid-1980’s when the neighborhood started to become more
residential. Today, it is also nicknamed “Silicon Alley” due to the
proliferation of tech start-ups in the vicinity, and ranges from E. 20th
Street up to 26th Street, between Park Avenue South/Lexington Avenue
and Sixth Avenue.
The Meatpacking District
Now bustling with hot clubs and expensive clothing retailers, the “Meatpacking District” name has a very literal beginning. In the late 1800s, New York decided to name two acres of lower Manhattan’s west side after General Peter Gansevoort. This area became a commercial district, known as Gansevoort Market. By 1900, the market would boast more than 250 slaughterhouses and meatpacking plants. In the later part of the century, the district—which stretches between 9th and 11th Avenues, from Gansevoort Street to 14th Street—became less of a commercial food market and more of a haven for sex clubs and other “special interest” nightlife. Eventually, all other industry gave way to exclusive nightlife and high-end apparel, but the name remains.
Now bustling with hot clubs and expensive clothing retailers, the “Meatpacking District” name has a very literal beginning. In the late 1800s, New York decided to name two acres of lower Manhattan’s west side after General Peter Gansevoort. This area became a commercial district, known as Gansevoort Market. By 1900, the market would boast more than 250 slaughterhouses and meatpacking plants. In the later part of the century, the district—which stretches between 9th and 11th Avenues, from Gansevoort Street to 14th Street—became less of a commercial food market and more of a haven for sex clubs and other “special interest” nightlife. Eventually, all other industry gave way to exclusive nightlife and high-end apparel, but the name remains.
The Garment District
Only one square mile, this midtown west area located just below Times Square (from 34th to 40th Streets, between Sixth and Ninth Avenues) housed half of New York City’s garment plants in the early 20th century. In its heyday, the Garment District serviced all facets of the fashion industry, from design to manufacture to sale. Most of the manufacturing business has since faded away from the area, but its historical contributions live on through the name—and a giant needle and button sculpture on 7th Avenue.
Only one square mile, this midtown west area located just below Times Square (from 34th to 40th Streets, between Sixth and Ninth Avenues) housed half of New York City’s garment plants in the early 20th century. In its heyday, the Garment District serviced all facets of the fashion industry, from design to manufacture to sale. Most of the manufacturing business has since faded away from the area, but its historical contributions live on through the name—and a giant needle and button sculpture on 7th Avenue.
In The Heights
Though the island is relatively flat, Upper Manhattan still has a few heights.
Morningside Heights
The Heights formerly known as Vandewater, from the name of Dutch
settler Harmon Vandewater, became Morningside around the time Columbia
University was expanding into the area (around 1896). A city surveyor
appraising the surrounding land found one spot he deemed unsuitable for
anything other than a city park. This particular park was situated on
the east side of a hill, perfectly positioned for a nice wash of
sunlight every morning. In 1870, the city named it “Morning Side Park,”
and it is believed to have inspired this particular Heights’ new first
name of Morningside. The neighborhood's current boundaries are 110th to
125th, from 8th Avenue to the Hudson River.
Washington Heights
Located below Inwood, the uppermost part of Manhattan, and above Harlem and Morningside Heights, Washington Heights (155th Street to 181st Street, river to river) is named in honor of Fort Washington. Built on what was at the time the highest elevated part of Manhattan, this fortress allowed American Revolutionary forces to observe the British Redcoats from afar. The name started commonly appearing in association with the area in the late 19th century.
Located below Inwood, the uppermost part of Manhattan, and above Harlem and Morningside Heights, Washington Heights (155th Street to 181st Street, river to river) is named in honor of Fort Washington. Built on what was at the time the highest elevated part of Manhattan, this fortress allowed American Revolutionary forces to observe the British Redcoats from afar. The name started commonly appearing in association with the area in the late 19th century.
Hamilton Heights
Once an under-settled area of mansions and estates in what is now West Harlem/Upper Manhattan, Hamilton Heights—which stretches from 135th to 155th Streets between St. Nicholas Avenue and the Hudson River—derives its name from the Hamilton Grange, the country home of Federalist leader Alexander Hamilton. He had little time to enjoy the leisurely life on his vacation estate, as he was gunned down in the infamous duel with Aaron Burr only two years after the home was built.
Once an under-settled area of mansions and estates in what is now West Harlem/Upper Manhattan, Hamilton Heights—which stretches from 135th to 155th Streets between St. Nicholas Avenue and the Hudson River—derives its name from the Hamilton Grange, the country home of Federalist leader Alexander Hamilton. He had little time to enjoy the leisurely life on his vacation estate, as he was gunned down in the infamous duel with Aaron Burr only two years after the home was built.
The Hills Are Alive with the Sound of Murray
The hill may be long gone, literally leveled by urbanization, but its
namesake lives on below 34th Street, from Madison Avenue to the East
River. In the 1760’s, Robert Murray was a Quaker merchant who purchased
land in the area of Iclenberg, a large hill somewhere around modern day
36th and Park Ave. Though the Murrays may have called their homestead
Iclenberg or, later, Belmont, locals referred to his family’s estate as
Murray Hill. The voice of the people won, and we have them to thank for
the neighborhood’s name, though we can hardly blame them for its modern
reputation as a frat boy haven.
To Bay or Not To Bay
These areas along the East River aren't technically bays, but that didn't stop residents from using the word.
Turtle Bay
In 1639, the Dutch Governor bequeathed to a few Englishmen a piece of farmland, through which a creek flowed—well, trickled—into the East River bay. The men would call the property Turtle Bay Farm. Some historians believe “Turtle Bay” came from the healthy population of turtles living in the creek, but the Turtle Bay Association posits the name was actually adapted from the Dutch word “deutal,” meaning “bent blade," because the bay resembles that shape. At some point in time, New Yorkers dropped the Farm part of the name and that area east of Midtown Manhattan—which stretches from E. 42nd Street to E. 53rd Street between Lexington Avenue and the East River—simply became “Turtle Bay.”
In 1639, the Dutch Governor bequeathed to a few Englishmen a piece of farmland, through which a creek flowed—well, trickled—into the East River bay. The men would call the property Turtle Bay Farm. Some historians believe “Turtle Bay” came from the healthy population of turtles living in the creek, but the Turtle Bay Association posits the name was actually adapted from the Dutch word “deutal,” meaning “bent blade," because the bay resembles that shape. At some point in time, New Yorkers dropped the Farm part of the name and that area east of Midtown Manhattan—which stretches from E. 42nd Street to E. 53rd Street between Lexington Avenue and the East River—simply became “Turtle Bay.”
Kips Bay
Just a few blocks south of Turtle Bay, from E. 23rd Street to E. 38th Street and between Lexington Avenue and the East River, is Kips Bay. The neighborhood was named for Dutch settler Jacobus Hendrickson Kip, who bought property in the area during the 1600s.
Just a few blocks south of Turtle Bay, from E. 23rd Street to E. 38th Street and between Lexington Avenue and the East River, is Kips Bay. The neighborhood was named for Dutch settler Jacobus Hendrickson Kip, who bought property in the area during the 1600s.
Hip to Be Squares
Though technically not neighborhoods, the names of these rectangular city hubs have a few stories - and mysteries - of their own.
Times Square
When the New York Times moved its headquarters to then-named Long
Acre Square in 1904, publisher/owner Adolph Ochs strongly encouraged
Mayor George B. McClellan, Jr. to change the name to Times Square.
McClellan agreed, and it was henceforth Times Square.
Today, the tourist trap - and the 'hood most dreaded by New Yorkers - stretches from W. 40th Street to W. 53rd Street between 6th and 8th Avenues.
Today, the tourist trap - and the 'hood most dreaded by New Yorkers - stretches from W. 40th Street to W. 53rd Street between 6th and 8th Avenues.
Union Square
Originally named Union Place, this New York City hub marked the
intersection, or “union,” of two major city thoroughfares - what are now
4th Avenue and Broadway at 14th Street. There has been some speculation
that the Civil War might have influenced the naming, but historical
evidence points to Union Square receiving its name many years before the
war broke out.
Lincoln Square
Lincoln Square, which lies between W. 59th Street and W. 72nd Street and
stretches from Central Park West to the Hudson River, remains one of
the great name mysteries in Manhattan. City records from 1906 show a NYC
Board of Aldermen decreeing this piece of property be called “Lincoln
Square.” However, either no one took minutes at this meeting or they
were lost somewhere in the annals of time, because there exists little
evidence as to why they chose “Lincoln.” Historians have yet to uncover
public records of a prominent New York landowner with the surname
Lincoln. Perhaps it was an homage to President Abraham Lincoln, but
there’s just as little evidence to support this theory.
Herald Square
This busy intersection on 34th Street and 6th Avenue was named after
the New York Herald. The newspaper no longer exists, leaving this
Square’s name as its lasting legacy to the city.
Madison Square
Not to be confused with home of the New York Rangers - Madison
Square Garden - Madison Square refers to the park at 23rd Street and 5th
Avenue and the square surrounding it, both of which attribute their name
to the fourth President of the United States, James Madison.
Washington Square
Originally farmland, like most of Manhattan, this public park located
at 5th Avenue and Waverly Place was named after President George
Washington, who was inaugurated in New York City. Fun fact: It was once a
cemetery. A 2005 archaeological assessment by the City Parks Department
estimates some 20,000 bodies are buried beneath the park.
The Acronyms
Finally there are the original acronym neighborhoods, which popped up
throughout lower Manhattan and have a reputation for hipness.
They’re also pretty handy helpers for learning downtown geography:
They’re also pretty handy helpers for learning downtown geography:
-
SoHo: SOuth of HOuston Street
- NoHo: NOrth of HOuston
- Tribeca: TRIangle BElow CAnal Street
- Nolita: NOrth of Little ITAly
- Dumbo: Down Under the Manhattan Bridge Overpass is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Brooklyn.
- BoCoCa: Boerum Hill, Cobble Hill, and Carroll Gardens. is a portmanteau word combining the names of three adjacent neighborhoods in the Brooklyn borough of NYC BoCoCa is not an actual neighborhood, but an umbrella term for the small region of Brooklyn directly south and southwest of Downtown Brooklyn
We're slowly working our way across the country.
See how the neighborhoods in other cities got their names.
More in This Series:
- http://mentalfloss.com/article/12705/how-neighborhoods-manhattan-got-their-names
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumbo,_Brooklyn
City Neighborhoods NYC
8 videos Jun 29, 2016
8 videos Jun 29, 2016
👇 📺 👇
- 5:50 CityNeighborhoods nyc
- 4:05 Alphabet City
- 6:32 Battery Park City
- 4:33 Bloomingdale District
- 4:35 Bowery
- 4:41 Carnegie Hill
- 4:36 Queens
- 2:58 Jackson Heights
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