Goodbye, August. Goodbye to the lazy feeling of the days of summer. Goodbye to coconut scented everything. Goodbye to putting off cleaning and organizing and blaming it on summer. Goodbye to the best peaches and watermelon of the year. Goodbye to wasting too much time worrying about the future and uncertainty.
Goodbye, August. Goodbye to the lazy feeling of the days of summer. Goodbye to coconut scented everything. Goodbye to putting off cleaning and organizing and blaming it on summer. Goodbye to the best peaches and watermelon of the year. Goodbye to wasting too much time worrying about the future and uncertainty.
Hello, September. Hello to curling up with a pumpkin spice coffee every morning. Hello to burgundy reds and mustard yellows and burnt oranges and all the delicious colors of fall. Hello to filling my home to the brim with pumpkins and scarecrows and owls. Hello to wanting to bake something every single day. Hello to boots and cardigans that it’s entirely too hot to wear, but I just won’t be able to help myself. Hello to a season of coziness, filled with excitement and hope and the scent of pumpkin.
Hello to a brand new season. Hello, fall. Chelsea https://thegirlwholovedtowrite.com/2015/08/goodbye-august-hello-september-2/
In the field of psychology, cognitive dissonance is described as a mental phenomenon in which people unknowingly hold fundamentally conflicting cognitions. Being confronted by situations that create this dissonance or highlight these inconsistencies motivates change in their cognitions or actions
to reduce this dissonance, maybe by changing a belief or maybe by explaining something away.
Relevant items of cognition include peoples' actions, feelings, ideas, beliefs, values, and things in the environment. Cognitive dissonance exists without signs but surfaces through psychological stress when persons participate in an action that goes against one or more of conflicting things. According to this theory, when an action or idea is psychologically inconsistent with the other, people automatically try to resolve the conflict, usually by reframing a side to make the combination congruent. Discomfort is triggered by beliefs clashing with new information or by having to conceptually resolve a matter that involves conflicting sides, whereby the individual tries to find a way
to reconcile contradictions to reduce their discomfort.
In When Prophecy Fails: A Social and Psychological Study of a Modern Group That Predicted the Destruction of the World (1956) and A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (1957), Leon Festinger proposed that human beings strive for internal psychological consistency to function mentally in the real world. Persons who experience internal inconsistency tend to become psychologically uncomfortable and are motivated to reduce the cognitive dissonance.They tend to make changes to justify the stressful behavior, by either adding new parts to the cognition causing the psychological dissonance (rationalization), believing that "people get what they deserve" (just-world fallacy), taking in specific pieces of information while rejecting or ignoring others (selective perception), or avoiding circumstances and contradictory information likely to increase the magnitude of the cognitive dissonance (confirmation bias). Festinger explains avoiding cognitive dissonance as "Tell him you disagree and he turns away. Show him facts or figures and he questions your sources. Appeal to logic and he fails to see your point."
Cognitive Dissonance
Will be easy to understand after these examples 👇 📃 👇
Festinger graduated from the City College of New York in 1939; he then received his PhD in Child Psychology from the University of Iowa. He was initially inspired to enter the field of psychology by Kurt Lewin, known as the "father of modern social psychology", and his work in Gestalt psychology. Studying under Kurt Lewin for most of his academic career, Festinger returned to collaborate with Lewin at the Research Center for Group
Dynamics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In a 2002 American Psychological Association article, Festinger is cited as the fifth most eminent psychologist of the 20th century, just after B.F. Skinner, Jean Piaget, Sigmund Freud, and Albert Bandura, respectively. Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory is still one of the most influential social theories in modern social psychology.
Throughout this research, Festinger noticed that people often like to stick to consistent habits and routines to maintain order within their lives. These habits may include everyday activities like
preferring a specific seat during their daily commute or eating meals at consistent times. Any disturbance to this order can lead to mental unease, which may manifest in altered thought processes or beliefs. Festinger concluded that the sole means of alleviating this discomfort is by adjusting either their actions or beliefs to restore consistency.
Since his publication of A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance in 1957, Festinger's findings have helped to understand peoples' personal biases, how people reframe situations in their heads to maintain a positive self-image, and why one may pursue certain behaviors that misalign with their judgments as they seek out or reject certain information.
Coping with the nuances of contradictory ideas or experiences is mentally stressful, as it requires energy and effort to sit with those seemingly opposite things that all seem true. Festinger argued that some people would inevitably resolve the dissonance by blindly believing whatever they wanted to believe.
Cognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort that we feel when our minds entertain two contradictory concepts at the same time. For free teaching and learning resources related to this topic, visit http://bit.ly/2RCzhIZ This video is a part of Ethics Unwrapped, a free online educational video series about ethics produced by the Center for Leadership and Ethics at The University of Texas at Austin. Ethics Unwrapped offers an innovative approach to introducing complex ethics topics and behavioral ethics ideas in a way that is accessible to both students and instructors. For more videos and teaching materials covering other ethics concepts, visit http://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/
Cognitive Dissonance
In modern psychology, cognitive dissonance is the feeling of discomfort when simultaneously holding two or more conflicting cognitions: ideas, beliefs, values or emotional reactions. In a state of dissonance, people may sometimes feel "disequilibrium": frustration, hunger, dread, guilt, anger, embarrassment, anxiety, etc.
The phrase was coined by Leon Festinger in his 1956 book When Prophecy Fails, which chronicled the followers of a UFO cult as reality clashed with their fervent belief in an impending apocalypse. Festinger subsequently (1957) published a book called A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance in which he outlines the theory. Cognitive dissonance is one of the most influential and extensively studied theories in social psychology.
The theory of cognitive dissonance in social psychology proposes that people have a motivational drive to reduce dissonance by altering existing cognitions, adding new ones to create a consistent belief system, or alternatively by reducing the importance of any one of the dissonant elements. It is the distressing mental state that people feel when they "find themselves doing things that don't fit with what they know, or having opinions that do not fit with other opinions they hold." A key assumption is that people want their expectations to meet reality, creating a sense of equilibrium. Likewise, another assumption is that a person will avoid situations or information sources that give rise to feelings of uneasiness, or dissonance.
📖 Cognitive dissonance theory explains human behavior by positing that people have a bias to seek consonance between their expectations and reality. According to Festinger, people engage in a process he termed "dissonance reduction", which can be achieved in one of three ways: lowering the importance of one of the discordant factors, adding consonant elements, or changing one of the dissonant factors. This bias sheds light on otherwise puzzling, irrational, and even destructive behavior.
📖
Belief disconfirmation paradigm
Dissonance is aroused when people are confronted with information that is inconsistent with their beliefs. If the dissonance is not reduced by changing one's belief, the dissonance can result in restoring consonance through misperception, rejection or refutation of the information, seeking support from others who share the beliefs, and attempting to persuade others.
📖 An early version of cognitive dissonance theory appeared in Leon Festinger's 1956 book, When Prophecy Fails. This book gives an account of the deepening of cult members' faith following the failure of a cult's prophecy that a UFO landing was imminent. The believers met at a pre-determined place and time, believing they alone would survive the Earth's destruction. The appointed time came and passed without incident. They faced acute cognitive dissonance: had they been the victim of a hoax? Had they donated their worldly possessions in vain? Most members chose to believe something less dissonant to resolve reality not meeting their expectations: they believed that the aliens had given earth a second chance, and the group was now empowered to spread the word that earth-spoiling must stop. The group dramatically increased their proselytism despite the failed prophecy.
In the field of psychology, definition of this term is as follows - It is the mental discomfort experienced by a person who simultaneously holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values. Though the psychological definition makes it sound like a failure of the human psyche, it is, in fact, a vital asset. Contradictory ideas/beliefs exist in every culture and it is these contradictory opinions that compel us to question, evaluate and criticize.
Cognitive Dissonance: Your Response to Conflicting Beliefs
Cognitive dissonance is based on the idea that when two ideas are psychologically not consistent with each other, we change them and make them consistent. If the two conflicting ideas are deeply ingrained in our identity, this mental imbalance can become overwhelming and intoxicate our thoughts — and as a result we may believe even the most absurd conspiracy theories. Watch this video about the origins of this idea and its original research from 1954.
In the fable of "The Fox and the Grapes", by Aesop,
on failing to reach the desired bunch of grapes, the fox then decides
he does not truly want the fruit because it is sour. The fox's act of rationalization (justification) reduced his anxiety over the cognitive dissonance from the desire he cannot realize.
Driven by hunger, a fox tried to reach some grapes hanging high on the vine but was unable to, although he leaped with all his strength. As he went away, the fox remarked, 'Oh, you aren't even ripe yet! I don't need any sour grapes.' People who speak disparagingly of things that they cannot attain would do well to apply this story to themselves.
La Fontaine's Le Renard et les Raisins
Pierre Julien's sculpture of La Fontaine with attendant fox
The French fable of La Fontaine is almost as concise and pointed as the early versions of Babrius and Phaedrus and certainly contributed to the story's popularity. A century after its publication, this was the tale with which the sculptor Pierre Julien chose to associate its creator in his statue of La Fontaine (commissioned in 1782), now in the Louvre. The poet is represented in a famous episode of his life, when he was seen one morning by the Duchess of Bouillon seated against a tree trunk meditating. When she passed the same spot that evening he was still there in exactly the same position. Julien has portrayed him in an ample cloak, with a gnarled tree on which a vine with grapes is climbing. On his knee is the manuscript of the poem; at his feet, a fox is seated on his hat with its paw on a leather-bound volume, looking up at him.
Gustave Doré's illustration of the fable for the 1870 edition pictures a young man in a garden who is looking towards the steps to a mansion in the distance on which several young women are congregated. An older man is holding up his thumb and forefinger, indicating that they are only little girls. The meaning of this transposition to the human situation hinges on the double meaning of 'unripe' (vert) in French, which could also be used of a sexually immature female. From this emerges the story's subtext, of which a literal translation reads
The gallant would gladly have made a meal of them
But as he was unable to succeed, says he:
'They are unripe and only fit for green boys.' There is the same sexual ambiguity in the Greek of Babrius. The phrase there is "όμφακες εισίν" (omphakes eisin), the word omphax having both the literal meaning of an unripe grape and the metaphorical usage of a girl not yet ripe for marriage. LE RENARD ET LES RAISINS (*)
Certain Renard gascon, d'autres disent normand,
Mourant presque de faim, vit au haut d'une treille
Des raisins mûrs apparemment (1),
Et couverts d'une peau vermeille.
Le Galand (2) en eut fait volontiers un repas ;
Mais comme il n'y pouvait point atteindre :
Ils sont trop verts, dit-il, et bons pour des goujats(3).
Fit-il pas mieux que de se plaindre?
(1) manifestement, de façon apparente et conforme
à la réalité.
(2) coquin, rusé
(3) stupides, grossiers
Knee pain can strike young or old and can be from a variety of causes - sports injuries, osteoarthritis, flat feet and trauma are the most common reasons that osteopaths encounter. Besides treatment, exercise can be extremely helpful in keeping the knee pain free.
Videos
Grow Young Fitness
Description
Grow Young Fitness combines balance and chair exercises for seniors and the elderly into a step by step road map to improve balance, flexibility and strength!
Deron Buboltz is dedicated to helping seniors and the elderly actively age and be successful as they "Grow Young".
This program will help with arthritis pain relief and fall prevention as well.
1 Strength training: The knee joint relies heavily on the muscles around it to maintain normal postural alignment during walking and other activities. Muscle weakness is common in knee osteoarthritis and other chronic knee conditions. Strengthening exercises help to build up weak muscles around the hip and knee to protect the knee from forces that load and stress the cartilage. You can strengthen your knee at the gym or just using a flexible band at home. Cycling is great, as well as pool-based exercises (swimming or aqua aerobics). 🤸 2 Neuromuscular control: 3 Flexibility training: 🤸
The exercise plan can differ by your condition and the severity of your
symptoms. The plan should ideally be directed by your healthcare
provider, a physical therapist, or a specialist in joint and bone disorders known as an orthopedist.
16 Physical Therapy Exercises For Knee Pain Dr. Kristina DeMatas / May 7, 2025
You use your knees daily to sit and walk. The constant use puts the complex joint at risk for injury. Common knee injuries include sprains, meniscus tears, ligament tears, and fractures. Most injuries can be treated with simple bracing and a focused physical therapy (PT) knee rehab program.
Dorothy Parker (August 22, 1893 – June 7, 1967) was an American poet, writer, critic, and satirist based in New York; she was best known for her wit, wisecracks, and eye for 20th-century urban foibles.
From a conflicted and unhappy childhood, Parker rose to acclaim, both for her literary works published in magazines, such as The New Yorker, and as a founding member of the Algonquin Round Table.
Following the breakup of the circle, Parker traveled to Hollywood to pursue screenwriting. Her successes there, including two Academy Award nominations, were curtailed when her involvement in left-wing politics resulted in her being placed on the Hollywood blacklist.
📚🕮📙
Dismissive of her own talents, she deplored her reputation as a
"wisecracker." Nevertheless, both her literary output and reputation for
sharp wit have endured. Some of her works have been set to music;
adaptations notably include the operatic song cycle Hate Songs by composer Marcus Paus.
Known as the wittiest woman in America and a founder of the fabled Algonquin Round Table, Dorothy Parker was also one of the Jazz Age’s most beloved poets. Her verbal dexterity and cynical humor were on full display in the many poems she published in Vanity Fair, The New Yorker, and Life, and collected in her first book in 1926. Now available as a stand-alone edition, the famous humorist’s debut collection–a runaway bestseller in 1926–ranges from lighthearted self-deprecation to acid-tongued satire, all the while gleefully puncturing sentimental cliches about relations between men and women.
Here are some pearls Dorothy Parker said or may have said during her life-time:
👄
“If you want to know what God thinks of money, just look at the people he gave it to.”
👄
“Beauty is only skin deep, but ugly goes clean to the bone.” 👄
“Of course I talk to myself. I like a good speaker, and I appreciate an intelligent audience.”
👄
“If you have any young friends who aspire to become writers, the second greatest favor you can do them is to present them with copies of The Elements of Style. The first greatest, of course, is to shoot them now, while they’re happy.”
👄
“I had been fed, in my youth, a lot of old wives' tales about the way men would instantly forsake a beautiful woman to flock around a brilliant one. It is but fair to say that, after getting out in the world, I had never seen this happen."
👄
“There's a hell of a distance between wise-cracking and wit. Wit has truth in it; wise-cracking is simply calisthenics with words."
👄
“If you wear a short enough skirt, the party will come to you.”
👄
“I don't know much about being a millionaire, but I'll bet I'd be darling at it.”
👄
1. I don’t care what is written about me so long as it isn’t true.
👄
2. Wit has truth in it; wisecracking is simply calisthenics with words.
👄
3. You can’t teach an old dogma new tricks.
👄
4.
I’m never going to accomplish anything; that’s perfectly clear to me.
I’m never going to be famous. My name will never be writ large on the
roster of Those Who Do Things. I don’t do anything. Not one single
thing. I used to bite my nails, but I don’t even do that any more.
👄
5. I
might repeat to myself slowly and soothingly, a list of quotations
beautiful from minds profound — if I can remember any of the damn
things.
👄
6. Four be the things I’d have been better without: Love, curiosity, freckles and doubt.
👄
7. I require only three things of a man. He must be handsome, ruthless and stupid.
👄
8. Take care of luxuries and the necessities will take care of themselves.
👄
9. Money cannot buy health, but I’d settle for a diamond-studded wheelchair.
👄
10. The two most beautiful words in the English language are ‘cheque enclosed.’
👄
11. The cure for boredom is curiosity. There is no cure for curiosity.
👄
12. It serves me right for keeping all my eggs in one bastard. (Said when leaving hospital after an abortion).
👄
13. All I need is room enough to lay a hat and a few friends.
👄14. I like to have a martini 🍸
Two at the very most. 🍸🍸
After three I’m under the table 🍸🍸🍸
After four I’m under my host. 🍸🍸🍸🍸
👄
15. Ducking for apples — change one letter and it’s the story of my life.
👄
16. I’ve never been a millionaire but I just know I’d be darling at it.
👄
17. If you want to know what God thinks of money, just look at the people he gave it to.
👄
18. When asked to use the word horticulture during a game of Can-You-Give-Me-A-Sentence, Parker replied: You can lead a horticulture, but you can’t make her think.
👄
19. Of Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged, Parker said: “This is not a novel to be tossed aside lightly. It should be thrown with great force.”
👄
20.
I’ve been too fucking busy – or vice versa. (in response to a letter
from her editor asking for more stories during her honeymoon). 👄
The Algonquin's Round Table...
Dorothy Parker & Alan Campbell.
Dottie & Alan
Lillian Hellman & Dorothy Parker.
Dorothy
Parker was an American poet, writer, critic, and satirist based in New
York; she was best known for her wit, wisecracks, and eye for
20th-century urban foibles.Wikipedia
.gif)
.gif)